All about Melasma

Spots or patches of brown or blue-grey skin are the hallmarks of melasma, a skin disorder. Commonly referred to as the "pregnancy mask," Excessive turnover of the pigment-producing cells in the skin causes melasma. It's common, won't hurt you, and some therapies could assist. Most cases of melasma clear up after a few months.

Melasma types?

It is the degree of pigmentation that distinguishes the three subtypes of melasma. To gauge the intensity of the pigment, a black light emitting from Wood's lamp could be employed. Each of the three categories consists of:-

  • Epidermal - Epidermal melasma is characterised by a brownish hue, a well-delineated border, a striking appearance under black light, and, in some cases, a favourable response to treatment.
  • Dermal - Dermal melasma is characterised by a brownish or bluish hue, a fuzzy border, the same appearance under black light, and a poor therapeutic response.
  • Melasma with a variety of pigmentation types - The most frequent type of melasma has both blue and brown patches, a variable appearance under black light, and a partial therapeutic response.
Melasma symptoms

Discolouration patches are common with melasma. The affected areas have a deeper tone than the rest of your skin. It's symmetrical, happening on both sides of the face, and it's usually a facial feature. Melasma can appear on other sun-exposed parts of the body as well.

Spots of a brownish hue frequently appear on:-
  • Cheeks
  • Forehead
  • Nose's bridge
  • Chin
The exact cause of melasma is unknown, even to doctors. The overproduction of pigment in some areas of the skin may result from a defect in the melanocytes responsible for this process.

Therefore, as persons with light brown skin to darker skin tones have more melanocytes, they may be more predisposed to developing melasma.

Some potential dangers are:-

Sun Exposer - Melasma can be triggered by overexposure to UV light.

The shade of skin - Those with light brown skin tones are more likely to get melasma, and those who reside in highly sunny climates are especially at risk.

Female sex - Melasma is almost nine times more common in women than in men.

Pregnancy - Between 15 and 50 % of pregnant women will develop melasma. Possible explanation: hormones produced during pregnancy.

Genetics - Half or more of those who suffer from melasma say that a family member or close friend also has the condition.

Melasma may have a variety of causes.
  • Using hormone replacement therapy or a birth control tablet
  • Intense direct sunlight
  • When using cosmetics, some people may have skin irritation.
  • Anticonvulsants, retinoids, some blood pressure drugs, and some antibiotics can all increase sun sensitivity, as might other medications.
  • Pregnancy hormones (chloasma)
Possible Methods of Dealing with Melasma

Melasma clears up on its own for some women. Pregnancy or the usage of contraceptives are the most common causes of this.

Skin-lightening lotions are available upon prescription from a doctor. They may also suggest topical steroid creams to help brighten the afflicted regions. Chemical peels, dermabrasion, and microdermabrasion may be tried if they don't produce the desired results. In some cases, these treatments might reduce the appearance of black spots by removing the outermost layers of skin.

There is no assurance that the melasma won't return, and some cases can't be comprehensively lessened, even with these techniques. To reduce the likelihood of melasma reappearing, you might need to schedule follow-up appointments and maintain a regimen of skin care products and procedures. Avoiding prolonged exposure to sunlight and consistently applying sunscreen are two such measures.

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